Material Identity

# Digital Material Passport (DMP) for Forestry

# Table of Content

# Introduction

# Purpose of DMP for Forestry

The Digital Material Passport (DMP) for forestry and wood products provides a standardized way to document and exchange information about harvested wood throughout its supply chain. It enables compliance with regulations such as the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), the U.S. Lacey Act, and other international frameworks that require proof of legal harvesting and traceability of forest products.

DMPs serve multiple purposes:

  • Documenting the legal harvesting of timber products
  • Providing chain of custody information
  • Supporting due diligence requirements
  • Enabling verification of sustainability claims
  • Facilitating international trade of wood products

# Current Situation

Currently, forestry supply chains rely heavily on paper documentation and PDF files to exchange critical information about wood products. This includes harvest permits, chain of custody certificates, phytosanitary certificates, and shipping documents. This approach presents several challenges:

  • Information is scattered across multiple documents
  • Data cannot be easily extracted or processed by computers
  • Verification of claims is time-consuming and error-prone
  • Meeting compliance requirements requires significant manual effort
  • Supply chain transparency is limited

# Design Goals

Based on industry needs and regulatory requirements, the Digital Material Passport for Forestry schemas have been developed with the following design goals:

  • Well-defined and documented JSON format
  • Easy to read for software developers, compliance officers, and supply chain professionals
  • Extensible to accommodate future regulatory requirements
  • Published as open-source to encourage industry adoption
  • Supported by open-source tools to facilitate implementation
  • Backward compatibility through PDF visualization
  • Creating a foundation for a more transparent forestry supply chain ecosystem

# DMP Schema Structure

The DMP for Forestry ecosystem consists of two complementary schemas:

  1. ForestrySource Schema: Documents the origin of the timber at the point of harvest, including geographical coordinates, harvest permits, and species information.

  2. Forestry Schema: Tracks forest products throughout the supply chain, linking back to source information and providing documentation for each transaction.

Together, these schemas create a complete chain of custody from forest to final product.

# ForestrySource Schema

# Structure Overview

# General Information

The general information section contains essential details about the harvest location and authorization.

Attribute Description Mandatory
UserDefinedId An optional user-defined identifier No
Country The country where harvesting took place (ISO code) Yes
State The state or province Yes
District The district of the harvesting unit No
ForestConcessionNameOrNumber The name or number of the forest concession Yes
CertificationNumber The certification number (e.g., FSC, PEFC) No
CertificationClaim The certification claim (e.g., FSC 100%) No
CertificationPercentage The certification percentage No
HarvestAuthorizationNameOrNumber The name or number of the harvest authorization Yes
HarvestingPeriod The period during which harvesting is authorized No

# Harvest Units

The harvest units section defines the geographical locations where timber was harvested, using GeoJSON format.

Attribute Description Mandatory
type The GeoJSON type, always "FeatureCollection" Yes
features Array of GeoJSON features Yes

Each feature can include:

Attribute Description Mandatory
type The GeoJSON feature type, always "Feature" Yes
properties Properties of the harvest location No
geometry Geographical coordinates in Point or Polygon format Yes

# Products

The products section describes the harvested forest products.

Attribute Description Mandatory
ProductType The type of product (e.g., "Logs", "Pulp") Yes
DescriptionOfProduct A detailed description Yes
HTSCode The Harmonized Tariff Schedule code No
ProductionPeriod The period when harvesting occurred Yes
ListOfSpecies Array of species harvested Yes

Each species entry contains:

Attribute Description Mandatory
CommonName The common name of the species Yes
ScientificName The scientific name (genus and species) Yes
Quantity The quantity harvested Yes
QuantityUnit The unit of measurement (e.g., "m³") Yes

# Companies

The ForestrySource schema includes information about the key parties involved:

  1. Supplier: The landowner, concession or tenure holder
  2. Producer: The party harvesting the goods (if different from supplier)
  3. Creator: The party creating the DMP

Each company entry contains:

Attribute Description Mandatory
Name The name of the company Yes
Street The address (array of up to 3 strings) Yes
ZipCode The postal code Yes
City The city Yes
Country The two-letter ISO country code Yes
State The state or province No
Identifiers Company identifiers (VAT, DUNS, etc.) Yes
Email Company email No
PhoneNumber Company phone number No

# Documents

The documents section references supporting documentation.

Attribute Description Mandatory
ForestConcession The forest concession document No
HarvestAuthorization The harvest authorization document Yes
Certificate The certification document No
HarvestUnitMap Map of the harvest unit No

Each document contains:

Attribute Description Mandatory
Hash The hash of the document Yes
MIME-Type The MIME type of the document Yes
URL The URL where the document can be accessed Yes

# Due Diligence Statement

A statement confirming the accuracy of the information provided.

Attribute Description Mandatory
DueDiligenceStatement Text of the due diligence statement Yes

# Forestry Schema

# Structure Overview

# Certificate Information

Basic information about the Digital Material Passport.

Attribute Description Mandatory
Languages Languages for document rendering (ISO codes) Yes
Id The unique identifier of the DMP Yes
Date The DMP issuance date Yes

# General Information

Attribute Description Mandatory
UserDefinedId A user-defined identifier Yes
Country The country of origin (ISO code) Yes
State The state or province No

# Business Transaction

The business transaction section documents the commercial exchange.

# Purchase Order

Attribute Description Mandatory
Id The order identifier Yes
Position The position on the order No
Date The order date No
CustomerProductId The customer's product identifier No
CustomerProductName The customer's product name No

# Sales Order

Attribute Description Mandatory
Id The sales order identifier Yes
Position The position on the sales order No
Date The sales order date No
CertificationNumber The certification number No
CertificationClaim The certification claim No
CertificationPercentage The certification percentage No
Incoterms The Incoterms for the transaction No

# Delivery

Attribute Description Mandatory
Id The delivery note identifier Yes
Position The position on the delivery note No
Date The delivery date No
PackingList The packing list reference No
BillOfLading The bill of lading reference No
Booking The booking number for vessel or carrier No
Container The container number No
Carrier The carrier name No
Packages Array of package numbers No
Lots Array of lot numbers No
Batches Array of batch numbers No

# Products

Attribute Description Mandatory
ProductType The type of product Yes
DescriptionOfProduct A detailed description Yes
HTSCode The Harmonized Tariff Schedule code No
ProductionPeriod The period when production occurred Yes
ListOfSpecies Array of species used Yes

Each species entry contains the same fields as in the ForestrySource schema.

# Companies

The Forestry schema includes information about the key parties involved:

  1. Supplier: The seller of the goods
  2. Producer: The party that harvested the goods (optional)
  3. Customer: The buyer of the goods
  4. Creator: The party creating the DMP

Each company entry follows the same structure as in the ForestrySource schema.

# Documents

The documents section references supporting documentation.

Attribute Description Mandatory
CertificateOfOrigin The certificate of origin No
PhytosanitaryCertificate The phytosanitary certificate No
CoCCertificate The chain of custody certificate No
LaceyDeclaration_PPQ_505 The Lacey Act declaration No
TSCA_CARB_CANFERCertificate The TSCA/CARB/CANFER certificate No
Others Array of other relevant documents No

Each document follows the same structure as in the ForestrySource schema.

# EUDR References

References to Due Diligence Statments submitted to the European Union TRACES application that form part of the chain of custody.

Attribute Description Mandatory
InternalReferenceNumber A user-defined identifier No
DDSReferenceNumber A references number issued by the TRACES application Yes
VerificationNumber A verification number issued by the TRACES application Yes

For documentation see https://green-business.ec.europa.eu/deforestation-regulation-implementation/information-system-deforestation-regulation_en

# DMP References

References to other Digital Material Passports that form part of the chain of custody.

Attribute Description Mandatory
Id The unique identifier of the referenced DMP Yes
UserDefinedId The user-defined identifier Yes
JsonURL A link to the JSON of the referenced DMP No
PdfURL A link to the PDF of the referenced DMP No

# Due Diligence Statement

A statement confirming the accuracy of the information provided.

Attribute Description Mandatory
DueDiligenceStatement Text of the due diligence statement Yes

# Features

# Standardization of Data Format

# Current Situation

Currently, forestry supply chains rely on a variety of documents in different formats to exchange information:

  • Harvest permits in PDF format
  • Chain of custody certificates as scanned documents
  • Shipping documents in various formats
  • Phytosanitary certificates as physical documents

This fragmentation makes it difficult to:

  • Verify the legality and sustainability of forest products
  • Meet regulatory requirements efficiently
  • Automate compliance processes
  • Provide transparency throughout the supply chain

# Objectives

The Digital Material Passport for Forestry aims to:

  • Standardize the format for exchanging forestry data
  • Create a single source of truth for supply chain documentation
  • Enable automated verification of claims
  • Reduce manual effort in compliance processes
  • Support regulatory requirements such as EUDR, Lacey Act, etc.

# Solution

The DMP for Forestry provides a standardized JSON format that:

  • Captures all relevant information in a structured way
  • Links to supporting documentation
  • Can be rendered as HTML or PDF for human readability
  • Can be processed by computers for automated verification
  • Creates an auditable chain of custody from forest to final product

# Rendering in Multiple Languages

The DMP for Forestry supports rendering in multiple languages, making it accessible to international supply chain partners.

# Current Situation

Forest products are traded globally, requiring documentation that can be understood by people who speak different languages.

# Objectives

  • Standardize translations for terms used in the forestry industry
  • Support multiple languages in a single document
  • Enable the easy addition of new languages

# Implementation

The schema supports specifying one or two languages for rendering:

"Languages": ["EN", "DE"]

The system will automatically translate field labels based on the translations provided in the corresponding language files.

# Supporting Documentation

The DMP for Forestry includes references to supporting documentation, providing evidence for claims made in the passport.

# Current Situation

Currently, supporting documents are often shared separately from the information they validate, making verification difficult and time-consuming.

# Solution

The DMP for Forestry allows attaching documents by reference, including:

  • Harvest authorizations
  • Forest concession documents
  • Certification documents
  • Phytosanitary certificates
  • Maps and geographical data

Each document is referenced with:

  • A cryptographic hash to verify authenticity
  • A MIME type for proper handling
  • A URL for accessing the document

# Chain of Custody

The DMP for Forestry creates a verifiable chain of custody through references to other DMPs.

# Current Situation

Tracking forest products from harvest to final use often involves multiple transactions and transformations, making it difficult to verify the original source.

# Solution

The DMP References feature allows linking documents in the supply chain:

  • Source DMPs document the initial harvest
  • Forestry DMPs reference source DMPs
  • Each transaction in the supply chain can reference previous DMPs

This creates a verifiable chain of custody from forest to final product.

# Geographical Data

The ForestrySource schema includes geographical data about harvest locations using the GeoJSON format.

# Current Situation

Current documentation often includes vague or imprecise information about harvest locations, making it difficult to verify claims about the origin of forest products.

# Solution

The ForestrySource schema uses GeoJSON to precisely document harvest locations:

  • Points or polygons can be used to define harvest units
  • Multiple harvest units can be included in a single DMP
  • Additional properties can provide context for each location
  • Maps can be attached as supporting documentation

# Tools

Tools supporting the validation, testing, and rendering of Forestry and ForestrySource schemas as PDF are available as part of the Material Identity ecosystem. These tools, along with the schema definitions, examples, and documentation, are consolidated in the central repository at https://github.com/material-identity/schemas (opens new window).

# Licensing

The format definition, examples, translation, and the documentation are published under CC BY 4.0 (opens new window).

# Examples

# Example 1: Basic Forestry DMP

{
  "RefSchemaUrl": "https://schemas.s1seven.com/forestry-schemas/v0.0.1/schema.json",
  "DigitalMaterialPassport": {
    "Languages": ["EN"],
    "Id": "f47ac10b-58cc-4372-a567-0e02b2c3d479",
    "Date": "2024-07-15",
    "Products": [
      {
        "ProductType": "Logs",
        "DescriptionOfProduct": "Oak Logs",
        "HTSCode": "4403.11.00",
        "ProductionPeriod": {
          "StartDate": "2024-07-01",
          "EndDate": "2024-07-15"
        },
        "ListOfSpecies": [
          {
            "CommonName": "English Oak",
            "ScientificName": {
              "Genus": "Quercus",
              "Species": "robur"
            },
            "Quantity": 100,
            "QuantityUnit": "m³"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "Supplier": {
      "Name": "Green Forest Products Inc.",
      "Street": ["456 Woodland Road"],
      "ZipCode": "12345",
      "City": "Forestville",
      "Country": "US",
      "Identifiers": {
        "DUNS": "123456789"
      }
    },
    "Customer": {
      "Name": "Wood Importers GmbH",
      "Street": ["Holzstrasse 5"],
      "ZipCode": "10115",
      "City": "Berlin",
      "Country": "DE",
      "Identifiers": {
        "VAT": "DE987654321"
      }
    },
    "Creator": {
      "Name": "Forest Management Services Inc.",
      "Street": ["123 Woodland Avenue", "Suite 500"],
      "ZipCode": "V8P 1N5",
      "City": "Victoria",
      "State": "British Columbia",
      "Country": "CA",
      "Identifiers": {
        "CBN": "123456789RT0001",
        "DUNS": "135792468"
      },
      "Email": "[email protected]",
      "PhoneNumber": "250-123-4567"
    },
    "DueDiligenceStatement": "As the Creator of this Digital Material Passport (DMP), it is declared that the following information is accurate for all relevant commodities: \n\n1. Applicable Parties/Business Entities (e.g., Supplier, Producer and Customer, where applicable) name and email address\n\n2. Country of Production\n\n3. Trade name and equivalent Harmonised System (or corresponding Harmonized Tariff Schedule [HTS]) code\n\n4. Genus/Species and Common name\n\n5. Quantity (volume)\n\n6. Geolocation of all harvest units / forest plots",
    "DMPReferences": [
      {
        "Id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000",
        "UserDefinedId": "DMP-2024-001"
      }
    ]
  }
}

# Example 2: Basic ForestrySource DMP

{
  "RefSchemaUrl": "https://schemas.s1seven.com/forestry-source-schemas/v0.0.1/schema.json",
  "DigitalMaterialPassport": {
    "Languages": ["EN"],
    "Id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000",
    "GeneralInformation": {
      "Country": "CA",
      "State": "British Columbia",
      "ForestConcessionNameOrNumber": "FC TA2115",
      "CertificationNumber": "FSC-C123456",
      "HarvestAuthorizationNameOrNumber": "TSL TA2115",
      "HarvestingPeriod": {
        "StartDate": "2024-09-01",
        "EndDate": "2026-08-31"
      }
    },
    "HarvestUnits": [
      {
        "type": "FeatureCollection",
        "features": [
          {
            "type": "Feature",
            "properties": {
              "Name": "Harvest Unit 1"
            },
            "geometry": {
              "type": "Point",
              "coordinates": [-125.3320128, 50.123282]
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "Products": [
      {
        "ProductType": "Logs (Saw)",
        "DescriptionOfProduct": "Douglas-fir saw logs",
        "HTSCode": "4403.24.00",
        "ProductionPeriod": {
          "StartDate": "2024-09-01",
          "EndDate": "2025-04-30"
        },
        "ListOfSpecies": [
          {
            "CommonName": "Douglas-fir",
            "ScientificName": {
              "Genus": "Pseudotsuga",
              "Species": "menziesii"
            },
            "Quantity": 500,
            "QuantityUnit": "m³"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "Supplier": {
      "Name": "British Columbia Timber Sales",
      "Street": ["370 S. Dogwood Street"],
      "ZipCode": "V9W 6Y7",
      "City": "Campbell River",
      "Country": "CA",
      "Identifiers": {
        "VAT": "123456789BC"
      }
    },
    "Producer": {
      "Name": "Zimmermann Forest Products Ltd.",
      "Street": ["2218 D Airport Drive"],
      "ZipCode": "V9H 0E2",
      "City": "Campbell River",
      "Country": "CA",
      "Identifiers": {
        "CBN": "123456222RT0001"
      }
    },
    "Creator": {
      "Name": "Forest Management Services Inc.",
      "Street": ["123 Woodland Avenue"],
      "ZipCode": "V8P 1N5",
      "City": "Victoria",
      "Country": "CA",
      "Identifiers": {
        "CBN": "123456789RT0001"
      }
    },
    "DueDiligenceStatement": "As the Creator of this Digital Material Passport (DMP), it is declared that the following information is accurate for all relevant commodities:\n 1. Applicable Parties/Business Entities (e.g., Supplier, Producer and Customer, where applicable) name and email address\n2. Country of Production\n3. Trade name and equivalent Harmonised System (or corresponding Harmonized Tariff Schedule [HTS]) code\n4. Genus/Species and Common name\n5. Quantity (volume)\n6. Geolocation of all harvest units / forest plots",
    "Documents": {
      "HarvestAuthorization": {
        "Hash": {
          "Algorithm": "SHA256",
          "Encoding": "base64",
          "Value": "OGM2NmJkMmUxOWJhY2I5ZDFkMWNmY2QzNjk2OWQ2ZTUxOTZiZDgwM2MwY2NhYjA5OWUwMjY4NmE5ZWE1YjgyOA=="
        },
        "MIME-Type": "application/pdf",
        "URL": "https://schema-service-attachments-local.s3.eu-north-1.amazonaws.com/files/forest_concession.pdf"
      }
    }
  }
}

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